Mark Zuckerberg creates Facemash, the predecessor to Facebook, on October 28, 2003 when he was at Harvard as a sophomore. According to The Harvard Crimson, the site is similar to Hot or Not, and using "photo obtained from Facebook (face book) online in nine dormitories, put two pictures side by side at a time and asking users to choose which is the most sexy".
Mark Zuckerberg helped create Facebook in his dorm room at Harvard.
To accomplish this, Zuckerberg hacked into the Harvard computer network are protected and copy the pictures private dormitory ID. Harvard at that time did not have a "face book" (directory containing photos and basic information) students. Facemash attract 450 visitors and 22,000 photo views in the first four hours of broadcasting.
The site is directly forwarded to several campus group servers, but turned off a few days later by the Harvard administration. Zuckerberg convicted penetrate campus security, violating copyrights, and violating individual privacy, and risk incurred. However, the sentence was overturned. [16] Zuckerberg expand this initial project that semester by creating a social study tools for exams art history final, by uploading 500 paintings Augusta to the website, with one image per page along with the comments. [15] He opened the site to classmates, and they began to share notes.
In the following semester, Zuckerberg began writing code for a new website in January 2004. He was inspired, he said, by an editorial of The Harvard Crimson about the Facemash incident. [17] On February 4, 2004, Zuckerberg launched "The Facebook" which was originally located on the website TheFacebook.com.
Six days after the site launched, three Harvard seniors, Cameron Winklevoss, Tyler Winklevoss, and Divya Narendra, accused Zuckerberg deliberately distract them so that they believe it helps them create a social network called HarvardConnection.com, while he uses their ideas to create a rival product . [19] The three complained to the Harvard Crimson, and the newspaper started an investigation. Three senior filed a lawsuit against Zuckerberg is finally resolved. [20
Membership was initially restricted to students of Harvard College, and at the first month, more than half of the undergraduate students at Harvard was registered on the site. [21] Eduardo Saverin (business), Dustin Moskovitz (programmer), Andrew McCollum (graphic artist), and Chris Hughes soon joined Zuckerberg to help promote the website. In March 2004, Facebook is extending itself to Stanford, Columbia, and Yale. [22] The site was then opened to the other Ivy League schools, Boston University, New York University, MIT, and gradually several universities in Canada and the United States. [23 ] [24]
Facebook incorporated in the summer of 2004, and the entrepreneur Sean Parker, who often gives advice to Zuckerberg, was named president of the company. [25] In June 2004, Facebook moved its operations center in Palo Alto, California. [22] The company received its first investment month from PayPal co-founder Peter Thiel. [26] The company is removing from its name after purchasing the domain name facebook.com in 2005 with a value of $ 200,000. [27]
Active users [N 1]
Date User
(Million) Monthly Growth Pause day [N 2]
August 26, 2008 100 [28] 1665 178.38%
8 April 2009 200 [29] 225% 13:33
15 September 2009 300 [30] 160 9:38%
February 5, 2010 400 [31] 143 6.99%
July 21, 2010 500 [32] 166 4.52%
January 5, 2011 600 [33] [N 3] 168 3.57%
May 30, 2011 700 [34] 145 3.45%
22 September 2011 800 [35] 115 3.73%
24 April 2012 900 [36] 215 1.74%
Facebook launched a high school version in September 2005, which Zuckerberg is considered as the next logical step. [37] At that time, high school networks requires an invitation to join. [38] Facebook later expand its membership requirements to employees of several companies, including Apple Inc.. and Microsoft. [39] Facebook was then opened on 26 September 2006 to all persons aged 13 years and above with a valid email address. [40] [41]
On October 24, 2007, Microsoft announced that it had bought a 1.6% stake in Facebook for $ 240 million, giving Facebook a value of $ 15 billion. [42] The purchase by Microsoft include their right to place international ads on Facebook. [43] In October 2008, Facebook announced that it would open international headquarters in Dublin, Ireland. [44] In September 2009, Facebook said that they had positive cash flow for the first time. [45] In November 2010, according to SecondMarket Inc.., an exchange shares of a private company, the value of Facebook at $ 41 billion (lightly beat eBay) and become the third largest web company after Google and Amazon U.S.. [46] Facebook has been targeted as a potential candidate for an initial public offering in 2013. [47]
Traffic to Facebook increased steadily after 2009. The number of visitors Facebook beat Google on March 13, 2010. [48]
In March 2011, it was reported that Facebook removes approximately 20,000 profiles from the site every day on a variety of reasons, including spam, inappropriate content and underage use, as part of its effort to encourage cyber security. [49]
In early 2011, Facebook announced plans to move into his new office, the former kampur Sun Microsystems in Menlo Park, California. [50] [51]
DoubleClick Statistics showed that Facebook reached one trillion page views in June 2011 and make the website the most visited in the world. [52] But keep in mind that Google and a number of specific websites are not counted in the DoubleClick ranking. According to Nielsen Media Research study released in December 2011, Facebook is the web site of the most widely accessed both in the United States. [53]
In March 2012, Facebook launched its App Center, an online store that sells mobile applications that connect to Facebook. This shop is available for mobile web users iPhone, Android. [54] In April, Facebook bought Instagram app with a value of U.S. $ 1 billion. [55]
In early May 2012, Facebook acquired Glancee young company operating in the field of social exploration. [56]
Facebook, Inc.. hold an initial public offering on May 17, 2012 with initial stock price $ 38 per share, so the value of the company at $ 104 billion, the value of public companies the biggest new in history. [57] After the IPO, Zuckerberg will acquire 22% stake in Facebook and 57% of the voting rights . [58] IPO is successfully raising $ 16 billion and making the IPO is the third largest in the history of the United States. [59] [60] Shares began trading on May 18, and although the stock tried to remain above the IPO price during the day, the number a new record in terms of IPO trading volume. [61] A few days after the IPO, the regulator of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission began investigating the IPO, after claims that Facebook's growth forecasts are not disclosed to the weakening of all shareholders. [62]
[Edit] The company
The entrance to Facebook's headquarters in the Stanford Research Park, Palo Alto, California.
Most of the revenue Facebook derived from advertising. Microsoft is a Facebook exclusive partner for serving banner advertising, [63] and Facebook only serves advertisements that fall into Microsoft's ad inventory. According to comScore, an Internet marketing research company, Facebook get data from visitors as much as Google and Microsoft, but slightly less than Yahoo!. [64] In 2010, Facebook's security team began expanding its efforts to reduce the risk of user privacy. [65] In 6 November 2007, Facebook launched Facebook Beacon which later became the failed attempt to advertise to friends of users using the way of "what friends bought".
Facebook generally has a click through rate (CTR) is lower than for advertising web sites other major. For banner advertisements, they received one-fifth the number of clicks on Facebook when compared with the Web as a whole. [66] This means that a small percentage of Facebook users click on ads more than other websites. For example, the first Google user clicks on an ad on the search results with an average of 8% at a time (80,000 clicks for every one million searches), [67] while Facebook users click on advertisements an average of 0.04% at a time (400 clicks for every one million pages). [68]
Sarah Smith, a former Facebook Online Sales Operations Manager, admitted that the advertising campaigns they have a click rate as low as 0.05% to 0.04%, and the click rate for ads tend to decrease within two weeks. [69] The click on the social networking rivals, MySpace, compared to about 0.1%, 2.5 times better than Facebook but still low compared to other web sites. Explanations for Facebook's low click rate is that Facebook users are more technologically savvy and use ad blocking software to hide advertisements, users are younger and more clever in ignoring advertising messages. On MySpace, users spend more time exploring it, while on Facebook, users spend their time communicating with friends and their attention distracted from the advertisements. [70]
Revenue
(Estimated, in millions U.S. $)
Year Revenue Growth
$ 2,006 52 [71] -
$ 2 007 150 [72] 188%
2008 $ 280 [73] 87%
2009 $ 775 [74] 177%
2010 $ 2,000 [75] 158%
In the courtyard of brands and products, a number of companies report click rates as high as 6.49% for Wall posts. [76] Involver, a social marketing platform, announced in July 2008 that they were trying to get a click rate of 0.7% on Facebook (over 10 times high level of click Facebook advertising campaigns) for its first client, Serena Software, which seeks to change the display becomes 8.000 1.1 million visits to their sites. [77] Studies show that for video advertisements on Facebook, nearly 40% of users who viewed the video witnessed the whole, while the industry average is 25% for banner video ads. [78]
Facebook has more than 1,700 employees and offices in 12 countries. [79] Regarding the ownership of Facebook, Mark Zuckerberg has a 24% stake in the company, Accel Partners 10%, Digital Sky Technologies 10%, [80] Dustin Moskovitz 6%, Eduardo Saverin 5% , Sean Parker 4%, Peter Thiel 3%, Greylock Partners and Meritech Capital Partners between 1-2% each, Microsoft 1.3%, Li Ka-shing 0.75%, Interpublic Group of less than 0.5%, a small group of employees and former employees as well as celebrities each have less than 1%, including Matt Cohler, Jeff Rothschild, Adam D'Angelo, Chris Hughes, and Owen Van Natta, while Reid Hoffman and Mark Pincus have a rather large holdings in the company, and the remaining 30% owned by employees, a number of celebrities, and foreign investors. [81] Adam D'Angelo, chief technology and friend Zuckerberg, resigned in May 2008. Some reports claimed that he and Zuckerberg began quarreling, and he is no longer interested in the ownership of the company. [82]
On 15 November 2010, Facebook announced that it had acquired FB.com of the American Farm Bureau Association with a value that is not mentioned. On January 11, 2011, Farm Bureau announced the "realm of sales revenue" of $ 8.5 million, so that buying FB.com become one of the ten most expensive domain sales in history. [83]
[Edit] Website
Main article are: Features Facebook and Facebook Platform
Facebook home page displays login form in the upper right for registered users, and the registration form below for new visitors.
Users can create profiles with photos, lists of personal interests, contact information, and other personal information. Users can communicate with friends and other users through private or public messages and a chat feature. They can also create and join interest groups and "favorite pages" (formerly called "fan pages" until 19 April 2010), some of which are managed by many organizations for the purpose of advertising. [84]
To prevent complaints about privacy, Facebook allows users to set their privacy and choose who can see specific parts of their profile. [85] This web site is free to users and take advantage through advertising like banner ads. [86] Facebook requires user name and profile picture (if applicable) to be accessible by everyone. Users can control who can see the information they share, also found through a search by using the privacy settings. [87]
Facebook profile in 2011.
The media is often to compare Facebook to MySpace, but one major difference between the two sites is customize levels. [88] Another difference is the requirement of Facebook so that users can manage their real identities, and the measures are not implemented on MySpace. [89] MySpace allows users decorate their profiles using HTML and Cascading Style Sheets (CSS), while Facebook only allows raw text. [90] Facebook has a number of features that can interact with the user. One is a wall, box in each user's profile page that allows friends to send messages to that user; [91] Flick, which allows users to send "pokes" virtual one another (notice telling the user that they have dicolek); [92] Photos, where users can upload albums and photos; [93] and Status, which allows users to inform their friends about their whereabouts and actions at the time. [94] Depending on privacy settings, anyone who can see a user's profile can also view the Wall users. In July 2007, Facebook began allowing users to send attachments on the Wall, is different from previous walls were limited to textual content only. [91]
Facebook graphical user interface on a mobile phone
Over time, Facebook added a feature to its site. On 6 September 2006, launched News Feed placed in each user's home page and profile information with such changes, the next event, and the user's friend's birthday. [95] This allows spammers and other users memainipulasi these features to make the event false or untrue anniversary to draw attention to a profile or campaign. [96] Initially, the News Feed raised dissatisfaction among Facebook users; several of them complained because it was too cluttered and full of unnecessary information, while others take it easy for the user to track the activities of a person (such as relationship status changes, events, and conversations with other users). [97]
In response, Zuckerberg sends apology for the failure of the site to include privacy features individually adjustable. Since then, users begin to get control over what types of information that can be shared automatically with friends. Now the user is able to prevent a group of friends to see updates its activities such as profile changes, Wall posts, and newly added friends. [98]
Dated February 23, 2010, Facebook granted a patent [99] on a series of aspects of its News Feed. This patent covers News Feed when the link is sent so that one user can participate in the same activities as other users. [100] The patent was pushing Facebook to take action against websites that violate its patent, such as Twitter. [101]
One of the most popular applications on Facebook is the Photos, where users can upload albums and photos. [102] Facebook allows users to upload an unlimited number of photos, compared to storage services such as Photobucket and Flickr images which limit the number of images you can upload one. In the first years, Facebook users are limited to 60 photos per album mengunggak. In May 2009, this limit was increased to 200 photos per album. [103] [104] [105] [106]
Privacy settings can be set for individual albums that restrict user group can see it. For example, the privacy of an album are arranged so that only the user's friends can see it, while the privacy of another album is set so that all Facebook users can see it. Another feature of the Photos application is the ability to "tag", or mark users in a photo. For example, if sebauh picture contains a user's friend, then the user can tag friends in photos. Such actions send a notification to the friend who tagged and give them a link to see the image. [107]
The profile of Facebook in 2005
Facebook Profile of 2007
Facebook Notes was introduced on August 22, 2006, a blog feature that allowed tags and image cultivation. Users can import blogs from Xanga, LiveJournal, Blogger, and other blogging services. [40] During the week of 7 April 2008, Facebook released a Comet-based instant messaging applications [108] called "Chat" to several profiles, [109] which allows users to communicate with friends and function the same as the desktop-based instant messenger.
Facebook launched Gifts on February 8, 2007 that allows users to send virtual gifts to friends who appeared on the recipient's profile. Each prize worth $ 1.00 and a personal message can be attached to each gift. [110] [111] On May 14, 2007, Facebook launched Marketplace, which lets users send short ads free. [112] Marketplace has been compared to that Craigslist by CNET, which indicates that the main difference between the two is a list that is sent in the Marketplace users can only be seen by users who are in the same network as the user, while the list posted on Craigslist can be seen by everyone. [113]
Dated July 20, 2008, Facebook launched "Facebook Beta", the redesign of the user interface on multiple networks. Mini-Feed and Wall combined, profile split into tabs, and they are trying to make it look more "simple". [114] After initially giving users a choice to switch, Facebook began to move all users to the new page version in September 2008. [115] dated December 11, 2008, it was announced that Facebook was testing the registration process easier. [116]
Dated June 13, 2009, Facebook introduced a feature "Usernames", the pages can be linked using a URL that is simpler as compared to http://www.facebook.com/profile.php http://www.facebook.com/facebook ? id = 20,531,316,728. [117] Many new smartphones offer access to Facebook via their web browser or application. The official Facebook application launched for the iPhone OS, Android OS, and the WebOS. Nokia and Research In Motion provides Facebook application on their mobile phone. More than 150 million active users access Facebook through mobile phones registered with 200 operators in 60 countries.
On 15 November 2010, Facebook announced a service "Facebook Messages" new. At media day, CEO Mark Zuckeberg said, "it is true that one can obtain surel@facebook.com address, but it's not email." The launch has been anticipated features while before the announcement, with some observers calling it a "Gmail killer". This system, which will be launched to all users of the site, combines text messaging, instant messaging, email, and regular messages, and will include privacy settings as Facebook service. Dubbed "Project Titan", Facebook Messages takes 15 months in development. [118] [119]
[Edit] Reception
According to comScore, Facebook is the leading social networking site based on the number of monthly visitors and defeated his main rival, MySpace in April 2008. [120] ComScore reports that Facebook attract 130 million visitors in May 2010, an increase of 8.6 million people. [121] According to Alexa, Facebook ranking among all websites according to traffic world rose from 60 to 7 from September 2006 until September 2007, and is currently ranked 2nd in the world. [122] Quantcast [123] and Compete.com [124 ] puts Facebook on a rank-2 according to traffic in the U.S.. This website is the most popular for uploading photos, with a total of 50 billion photo uploads. [125] In 2010, Sophos' Security Threat Report 2010 "a vote of 500 firms, 60% of whom say they believe Facebook is a social network who have the greatest security threat than MySpace, Twitter, and LinkedIn. [65]
Facebook is one of the most popular social networking site in several English-speaking countries, including Canada, [126] the United Kingdom, [127] and the United States. [128] [129] [130] [131] In regional Internet markets, penetration Facebook highest in North America (69%), followed by Middle East-Africa (67%), Latin America (58%), Europe (57%), and Asia-Pacific (17%). [132]
This site has won numerous awards such as the "Top 100 Classic Websites" by PC Magazine in 2007, [133] and the "People's Voice Award" from the Webby Awards in 2008. [134] In a 2006 study conducted Student Monitor, a market research company high perguruna student based in New Jersey, Facebook referred to as the second most popular thing among scholars, parallel to the beer and less popular than the iPod is ranked first. [135]
In March 2010, Judge Richard Seeborg issued an agreed settlement in the case of Lane v group. Facebook, Inc.., Lawsuits arising from the Facebook Beacon program.
In 2010, Facebook won the "Best Overall Startup or Product" of the Crunchie for the third time in a row [136], and is recognized as one of the "Silicon Valley Best Companies" by Lead411. [137] However, according to a survey in July 2010 by the American Customer Satisfaction Index, Facebook get a score of 64 out of 100 and placing it in the bottom of all private companies in customer satisfaction, alongside industries such as the IRS electronic file system, airlines and cable companies. Reasons Facebook got a low score that privacy concerns, frequent changes to the site interface, results are given News Feed, and spam. [138]
In December 2008, the Supreme Court of Australian Capital Territory issued a rule that Facebook is a valid protocol to serve court notices to defendants. This is the first in the world court of law which provides that a court summons sent through Facebook are legally binding. [139] In March 2008, High Court judge maid Bru Zealand, David Glendall allow legal file services Craig Axe by the company Axe Market Garden through Facebook . [140] of the Company (such as Virgin Atlantic Airways) also use Facebook in order to stay in touch with their employees and have fired employees for their submissions. [141]
In 2005, the use of Facebook has been so widespread that started facebooking verb used to describe the process of finding someone's profile or update your profile yourself. [142] In 2008, Collins English Dictionary declared "Facebook" as Word of the Year. [143] In December 2008 , New Oxford American Dictionary announced this year's word is the verb "unfriend" is defined as "Removing someone as a 'friend' on a social networking site like Facebook. example, 'I Decided to unfriend my roommate on Facebook after we had a fight. '"[144]
In April 2010, according to The New York Times, countries with the most Facebook users were the United States, the United Kingdom and Indonesia. [145] Indonesia has become the country with the second largest number of Facebook users in the world after the United States with 24 million users, or 10% of the total population of Indonesia. [146] In early 2010, OpenBook is established, a parody website (and privacy advocacy) [147] that enables text-based searches on Wall submissions available to "Everyone" on the Internet.
The author of The Wall Street Journal found in 2010 that Facebook apps transmit identifying information to "dozens of advertising and Internet tracking". These applications use HTTP referrer which exposes the identity of the user and his friends. Facebook said, "We have taken action to disable all applications that violate our rules". [148]
[Edit] Criticism
The main article for this section are: Criticism of Facebook
Facebook has faced many controversies. This site has been blocked in several countries including the People's Republic of China, [149] Vietnam, [150] Iran [151] Uzbekistan, [152] Pakistan [153] Syria, [154] and Bangladesh on different grounds. For example, because of anti-Islamic and religious discrimination content allowed by Facebook, the site is banned in many countries around the world. In addition, Facebook also banned in some offices to prevent employees wasting time. [155] Privacy Facebook users also questioned and user account security has been penetrated several times. Facebook managed to resolve a lawsuit regarding claims of source code and intellectual property. [156]
[Edit] Political Impact
Stage debate Facebook - Saint Anselm College in 2008.
The role of Facebook in the political process of the United States appeared in January 2008 just before the Introduction of New Hampshire, when Facebook with ABC and Saint Anselm College to allow users to work together to provide direct feedback about the debate between the Democratic Party and the Repbulik January 5. [157] [158] [159] Charles Gibson moderated the debate to be held at the Dana Center for the Humanities at Saint Anselm College. Facebook users took part in debate groups organized by specific topics, register to vote, and send the inquiry. [160]
Over 1,000,000 people installed the application 'U.S. politics' in Facebook in order to participate, and this application is to measure the user response to certain comments raised by the candidates debate. [161] This debate showed the community what has been experienced by today's teenagers : Facebook is the new way that is very popular and powerful to interact and voice opinions. Articles written in Uwire.com Michelle Sullivan illustrates how the "Facebook effect" has affected youth sound levels, supporting young political candidates, and general involvement of the adolescent population in the 2008 election. [162]
In February 2008, a Facebook group called "One Million Voices Against FARC" held a ceremony attended by hundreds of thousands of people were protesting Colombian Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia, known as FARC (from the stands for a Spanish speaking). [163] In August 2010, one North Korea's official government website, Uriminzokkiri, joined Facebook. [164]
In 2010, a British public health director who led the staff to study syphilis, mempertautkan and blamed rising number of syphilis cases in British territory to Facebook. This research report has been criticized by Facebook as "ignoring the difference between correlation and causality." [165]
[Edit] In the media
Wikinews has news news involving Facebook:
Bloggers investigate social networking websites
News services and World Wide Web companies increase of Persian language services after Iranian presidential election
At the age of 102 years, Ivy Bean of Bradford, England joined Facebook at age 108 years, making it one of the oldest people registered on Facebook. As an inspiration to the residents of the nursing home where she lives, [166] he was immediately known and several fan pages were made in her honor. He met Prime Minister Gordon Brown and his wife, Sarah, in Downing Street early in 2010. [167] Some time after creating her Facebook page, Bean joined Twitter when he reaches the limit specified number of Facebook friends. He became the oldest person to use Twitter. At his death in July 2010, it has 4962 friends on Facebook and over 56,000 followers on Twitter. His death was widely reported in the media and she received tributes from several well-known media figures. [168]
"FriendFace", December 2008 episode of the British sitcom, The IT Crowd, parodied Facebook and social networking sites in general. [169]
American author Ben Mezrich published a book in July 2009 about Mark Zuckerberg and the founding of Facebook, titled The Accidental Billionaires: The Founding of Facebook, A Tale of Sex, Money, Genius, and Betrayal. [170]
In response to the Everybody Draw Mohammed Day controversy and the banning of Facebook in Pakistan, the Islamic version of the Facebook site was created and named MillatFacebook. [171]
"You Have 0 Friends", an episode in April 2010 from the U.S. animated comedy series, South Park, parodied Facebook. [172]
The Social Network, a drama film directed by David Fincher about the founding of Facebook was released on October 1, 2010. [173] The film featured performer ensemble consisting of Jesse Eisenberg as Mark Zuckerberg, Andrew Garfield as Eduardo Saverin, Justin Timberlake as Sean Parker, and Armie Hammer as Cameron and Tyler Winklevoss. The film was written by Aaron Sorkin and adapted from Ben Mezrich's book in 2009, and distributed by Columbia Pictures. No staff members of Facebook, including Zuckerberg, were involved in this project. However, one of the co-founders of Facebook, Eduardo Saverin, is a resource for Mezrich book. Mark Zuckerberg said that The Social Network is inaccurate.
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